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Posted: Sun Sep 14, 2025 9:21 am
and the underworld. Thus the world tree, as a representation of the middle of the world, unites all the spheres and levels of the universe and embodies the universal conception of the world. With its help converge into one the general binary semantic oppositions serving to describe the basic parameters of the world.”
“Vertically are distinguished the lower roots, the middle trunk, and the upper branches — the parts of the world tree. With the help of the world tree are discernible the main spatial zones of the Universe: the upper heavenly kingdom, the middle earth, the lower underworld. The temporal sphere — past, present, future, day and night, favorable and unfavorable seasons. In particular, in genealogical refraction: ancestors, present generation, descendants. The horizontal structure of the world tree is formed by the tree itself and by the objects to its sides. Usually on both sides of the trunk there is a symmetrical depiction of hoofed animals or human figures, gods, mythological characters, saints, priests and people. On the wall of the image, where to the right of the tree is depicted the sun god, to the left — the god of death. Or, for example, a scene of sacrifice in Ancient Mesopotamia. There is a vertical structure of the world tree, connected above all with the cosmological, while the horizontal structure is correlated with ritual. The object of the ritual or its image — for example, in the form of a sacrificial animal (cow, deer, elk, and earlier — a man), combined with the tree — is located in the center. The participants of the ritual are to the right and to the left. In the scheme of the world tree are reconstructed two horizontal axes: the plane of a square or of a circle (for example, a mandala). In the case of a square each of the four sides or corners indicates the direction of a cardinal point. To the sides or corners there may be located partial world trees or mythological figures, the personification of the cardinal directions (in particular, winds) or the “quarters of the gods” — for example, among the Aztecs. Here is depicted a tree inscribed in a square.”
“Demiurge in Philosophy.
In philosophical lexicon the term Demiurge was introduced by the ancient Greek philosopher Plato (428 or 427 — 348 or 347 BC), who for the first time calls the Demiurge the “creator and father” of this visible cosmos. Plato in the dialogue
“Vertically are distinguished the lower roots, the middle trunk, and the upper branches — the parts of the world tree. With the help of the world tree are discernible the main spatial zones of the Universe: the upper heavenly kingdom, the middle earth, the lower underworld. The temporal sphere — past, present, future, day and night, favorable and unfavorable seasons. In particular, in genealogical refraction: ancestors, present generation, descendants. The horizontal structure of the world tree is formed by the tree itself and by the objects to its sides. Usually on both sides of the trunk there is a symmetrical depiction of hoofed animals or human figures, gods, mythological characters, saints, priests and people. On the wall of the image, where to the right of the tree is depicted the sun god, to the left — the god of death. Or, for example, a scene of sacrifice in Ancient Mesopotamia. There is a vertical structure of the world tree, connected above all with the cosmological, while the horizontal structure is correlated with ritual. The object of the ritual or its image — for example, in the form of a sacrificial animal (cow, deer, elk, and earlier — a man), combined with the tree — is located in the center. The participants of the ritual are to the right and to the left. In the scheme of the world tree are reconstructed two horizontal axes: the plane of a square or of a circle (for example, a mandala). In the case of a square each of the four sides or corners indicates the direction of a cardinal point. To the sides or corners there may be located partial world trees or mythological figures, the personification of the cardinal directions (in particular, winds) or the “quarters of the gods” — for example, among the Aztecs. Here is depicted a tree inscribed in a square.”
“Demiurge in Philosophy.
In philosophical lexicon the term Demiurge was introduced by the ancient Greek philosopher Plato (428 or 427 — 348 or 347 BC), who for the first time calls the Demiurge the “creator and father” of this visible cosmos. Plato in the dialogue